A Clinical Study on Cadaveric Kidney Donors in Puerto Rico and the Survival outcome of the grafts: a retrospective study of 187 kidneys from 2009-2011

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we assessed the Kidney Donor Risk Index (KDRI) in Puerto Rican deceased kidney donors whose donations took place from 2009 to 2011 and evaluated short-term graft survival in the recipients of those kidneys. The results highlight differences between the distributions of KDRI values in the populations of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, Alaska, and Hawaii and that of Puerto Rico. Additionally, we evaluated the impacts of polyomavirus (BKV) infection and anti-donor HLA antibodies on the recipients. Methods: Of the 377 kidneys obtained from deceased donors by LifeLink of Puerto Rico from 2009 to 2011, 187 were transplanted in Puerto Rico. Data was collected from the deceased donors of these 187 kidneys for calculating KDRI, as well as from the transplant recipients. KDRI values of the donors were calculated using the same formula as previously reported for the United States; death-censored graft survival, incidence of antibody-mediated rejection, and prevalence of polyoma virus infection (BKV) were examined in the recipients. Results: The mean KDRI value was 1.19. However, the distribution of KDRI values in the Puerto Rican population deviates substantially from that of the United States (not including Puerto Rico). A 1-peak distribution pattern describes Puerto Rican KDRI values. Graft survival for the study period was 89.6%. The prevalence of BKV was 16.9%. Of the patients studied, 6.25% developed overt nephropathy, 46.2% developed de novo post-transplant donor-specific alloantibodies, and 19.5% had pre-existing alloantibodies. Conclusion: Our study evidences the role of various characteristics in the distribution of KDRI values in the Puerto Rican population, suggesting that the identification of variables specific to a geographically distinct group may result in better donor categorization for predicting transplant outcomes. In addition, our graft-survival results, despite the elevated rates of BKV and anti-donor antibodies, highlight the increasing need to monitor the presence of antibodies in a prospective and an anticipatory manner to identify and manage patients at risk for antibodymediated rejection.