Determinants of Genomic Diversity and Impact of Mutations in SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 has spread widely throughout the world, and multiple mutations and variants of interest were detected in the late 2020 and continue to emerge. Although genetic diversity is common in RNA viruses, these variations at the genetic level have given it certain characteristics associated with transmission, resistance to neutralizing antibodies, and even suspected increased lethality. Better understanding of the genomic diversity in SARS-CoV-2 will help to take appropriate containment measures against the virus. It should be borne in mind that this diversity can originate anywhere in the world, especially in areas where there is a high number of infections. This highlights the need for continuous molecular surveillance to guide development, therapy, vaccine use and health policy.